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Scientists have discovered microbial life in the north Arctic that can survive temperatures as low as minus 13 degrees F, which is similar to temperatures found on the surface of Mars. The bacteria, known as Planococcus halocryophilus, was one of more than 200 species of bacteria found living in the permafrost of Ellesmere Island, located northeast of Greenland, where it lives in extremely salty water located within the permafrost. The water is kept in liquid form in temperatures below freezing because of its salt content. [Source: U.S. News & World Report]
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