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Because the Earth is spinning on its axis, swirling convection currents in it's mantle are acted on by a phenomenon called the Coriolis force. These patterns of flow generate distinctive magnetic fields that extend beyond the atmosphere far into space. Consequently, the Earth acts like a large dipole magnet. It has both north and south poles that are only approximately aligned with the rotational axis of the planet. These fields are a protective shield warding off harmful radiations. Without this shield, or if it had been too weak, it's unlikely life would have arisen or persisted on Earth. [Source: Walla Walla Union-Bulletin]
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