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Deep areas of low oxygen water become a problem when they upwell near shore, bringing their very low oxygen waters right up to the shallows. The upwelling also brings nutrients to the surface, which is one reason we have incredibly productive fisheries along the west coasts of many continents including North America, South America and Africa. Upwelling of deep ocean water is caused when a combination of persistent longshore winds and the earth's rotation push coastal surface water out to sea. [Source: Smithsonian Science News]
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